Chip amplifier TDA2030. Detailed description

TDA2030A is a microcircuit designed to perform the functions of an analog single-channel amplifier for Hi-Fi systems with a power of up to 18W (or a driver up to 35W). Provides a signal-to-noise ratio of 106 dB. Equipped with built-in thermal protection (activated when heated above 145 °C). Amplifier class - AB (compromise).

The pinout of the microcircuit is as follows.

Analogues that differ in the maximum supply voltage:

• TDA2040,
• TDA2050
• Etc.

There are other types of microcircuits, in addition to TDA2030A:

• TDA2030AL (differs in case and therefore may not fit on the finished printed circuit board);
• TDA2030 (standard, basic version, differs from the "-A" modification by a lower supply voltage);
• TDA2030AV (designed to mount vertically);
• TDA2030AH (mounted parallel to the board).

LF amplifier

The amplifier circuit is practically no different from the one recommended for inclusion in the datasheet of the microcircuit.

Below is a working diagram.

Table. The technical characteristics of this low-frequency amplifier will be as follows.

The diagram uses the following elements:

Capacitors

C1 - 0.47 uF (1 pc);

C2 - 2.2 uF, rated for 50 V;

C3 - 22 uF, 50 V;

C4 - 1000 uF, 50 V;

C5 - 0.1 uF, 50 V;

C6 - 2200 uF, 50V;

C7 - 0.1 uF, 50 V;

Chip

DA is the TDA2030A;

resistance

R1, R2, R4, R5 - 100 kΩ resistors;

R3 - 4.7 kOhm;

VD1,2 - diodes 1N4001;

Terminal clamps.

The printed circuit board will be made on a single-layer textolite and will look like this.

The size of the textolite is only 53x33 mm.

The finished product looks like this.

The second version of the amplifier on TDA2030A

So, here's the schema.

PCB option (also one-sided).

All necessary elements are listed on the circuit diagram.

With so many nodes, some craftsmen make this amplifier without printed circuit boards (connection by soldering).

It turns out, for example, so.

The microcircuit is attached to the radiator from the inside of the cover (the radiator is blown from the outside).

The supply voltage for this option is 4.5...25 V.

Frequency range - 20...80 000 Hz.

Max. power - 18 watts.

Some Tips

If there is no time and opportunity to manufacture a printed circuit board, you can scratch grooves on a one-sided textolite so that the resulting areas correspond to the tracks on the diagram. But here you should be extremely careful to avoid a short circuit.

The above circuits work with only one channel of sound, so if you need a stereo effect, then the number of parts and boards is multiplied by two (two identical bass amplifiers are made).

Since the chip body is actually connected to the negative terminal, you should not place two different TDA2030A microcircuits on the same heatsink (or, alternatively, you will need to use a heat-conducting dielectric).

To improve thermal conductivity, apply thermal grease to the place where the heatsink touches the chip body.

Publication date: 01.12.2017

Readers' opinions

• yuri / 21.07.2018 - 23:59
  "And below is the working diagram." (unipolar) ratio r5/r3 must be at least as recommended in datasheet r1/r2 and less. c1 should also be like datasheet 1uF, otherwise you will cut off low frequencies. Get enlightened: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DpjYgfU1R8

Enjoys well-deserved popularity among radio amateurs. It has high electrical characteristics and low cost, which makes it possible to assemble high-quality ULF with a power of up to 18 W at minimal cost. However, not everyone knows about its "hidden advantages": it turns out that a number of other useful devices can be assembled on this IC. The TDA2030A chip is an 18W Hi-Fi class AB power amplifier or VLF driver up to 35W (with powerful external transistors). It provides a large output current, low harmonic and intermodulation distortion, a wide bandwidth of the amplified signal, a very low level of intrinsic noise, built-in output short-circuit protection, an automatic power dissipation limiting system that keeps the operating point of the IC output transistors in a safe area. The built-in thermal protection ensures that the IC is turned off when the crystal is heated above 145°C. The microcircuit is made in a Pentawatt package and has 5 pins. First, let's briefly consider several schemes for the standard use of ICs - bass amplifiers. A typical TDA2030A switching circuit is shown in fig.1.

The microcircuit is connected according to the scheme of a non-inverting amplifier. The gain is determined by the ratio of the resistances of the resistors R2 and R3 that form the OOS circuit. It is calculated by the formula Gv=1+R3/R2 and can be easily changed by selecting the resistance of one of the resistors. This is usually done with a resistor R2. As can be seen from the formula, a decrease in the resistance of this resistor will cause an increase in the gain (sensitivity) of the ULF. The capacitance of the capacitor C2 is chosen based on the fact that its capacitance Xc=1/2?fC at the lowest operating frequency is at least 5 times less than R2. In this case, at a frequency of 40 Hz, Xs 2 \u003d 1 / 6.28 * 40 * 47 * 10 -6 \u003d 85 Ohms. The input resistance is determined by the resistor R1. As VD1, VD2, you can use any silicon diodes with a current I PR 0.5 ... 1 A and U OBR more than 100 V, for example KD209, KD226, 1N4007. The IC switching circuit in the case of using a unipolar power supply is shown in fig.2.

Divider R1R2 and resistor R3 form a bias circuit to obtain at the output of the IC (pin 4) a voltage equal to half the supply voltage. This is necessary for symmetrical amplification of both half-waves of the input signal. The parameters of this circuit at Vs \u003d + 36 V correspond to the parameters of the circuit shown in Fig. 1, when powered from a source of ± 18 V. An example of using a microcircuit as a driver for ULF with powerful external transistors is shown in fig.3.

At Vs = ± 18 V at a load of 4 ohms, the amplifier develops a power of 35 watts. Resistors R3 and R4 are included in the IC power circuit, the voltage drop across which is opening for transistors VT1 and VT2, respectively. With a low output power (input voltage), the current consumed by the IC is small, and the voltage drop across resistors R3 and R4 is not enough to open transistors VT1 and VT2. The internal transistors of the microcircuit work. As the input voltage increases, the output power and the current consumed by the IC increase. When it reaches a value of 0.3 ... 0.4 A, the voltage drop across resistors R3 and R4 will be 0.45 ... 0.6 V. Transistors VT1 and VT2 will start to open, while they will be connected in parallel to the internal transistors of the IC. The current supplied to the load will increase, and the output power will increase accordingly. As VT1 and VT2, you can use any pair of complementary transistors of the appropriate power, for example, KT818, KT819. The bridge circuit for switching on the IC is shown in fig.4.

The signal from the output of the IC DA1 is fed through the divider R6R8 to the inverting input DA2, which ensures the operation of the microcircuits in antiphase. In this case, the voltage on the load increases, and, as a result, the output power increases. At Vs=±16 V at a load of 4 ohms, the output power reaches 32 watts. For fans of two-, three-band ULF, this IC is an ideal option, because it is possible to assemble active low-pass and high-pass filters directly on it. The scheme of a three-band ULF is shown in fig.5.

The low-frequency channel (LF) is made according to the scheme with powerful output transistors. At the input of IC DA1, a low-pass filter R3C4, R4C5 is included, and the first link of the low-pass filter R3C4 is included in the amplifier circuit. Such a circuit design allows simple means (without increasing the number of links) to obtain a sufficiently high slope of the filter frequency response. The mid-frequency (MF) and high-frequency (HF) channels of the amplifier are assembled according to a typical circuit on ICs DA2 and DA3, respectively. At the input of the midrange channel, high-pass filter C12R13, C13R14 and low-pass filter R11C14, R12C15 are included, which together provide a bandwidth of 300 ... 5000 Hz. The RF channel filter is assembled on the elements C20R19, C21R20. The cutoff frequency of each link of the low-pass filter or high-pass filter can be calculated by the formula fCP \u003d 160 / RC, where the frequency f is expressed in hertz, R - in kiloohms, C - in microfarads. The examples given do not exhaust the possibilities of using the IMC TDA2030A as bass amplifiers. So, for example, instead of a bipolar power supply for a microcircuit (Fig. 3,4), you can use a unipolar power supply. To do this, the minus of the power source should be grounded, a bias should be applied to the non-inverting (pin 1) input, as shown in Fig. 2 (elements R1-R3 and C2). Finally, at the output of the IC between pin 4 and the load, it is necessary to turn on the electrolytic capacitor, and exclude blocking capacitors along the -Vs circuit from the circuit.

Consider other possible uses for this chip. IC TDA2030A is nothing more than an operational amplifier with a powerful output stage and very good performance. Based on this, several schemes for its non-standard inclusion were designed and tested. Some of the circuits were tested "live", on a breadboard, some were simulated in the Electronic Workbench program.

Powerful signal repeater.

Device output signal fig.6 repeats the shape and amplitude of the input, but has a greater power, i.e. the circuit can operate on a low-resistance load. The repeater can be used, for example, to amplify power supplies, increase the output power of low-frequency generators (so that loudspeaker heads or acoustic systems can be directly tested). The operating frequency band of the repeater is linear from DC to 0.5 ... 1 MHz, which is more than enough for a low-frequency generator.

Upgrading power supplies.

The microcircuit is included as a signal repeater, the output voltage (pin 4) is equal to the input (pin 1), and the output current can reach 3.5 A. Thanks to the built-in protection, the circuit is not afraid of short circuits in the load. The stability of the output voltage is determined by the stability of the reference, i.e. zener diode VD1 fig.7 and integral stabilizer DA1 fig.8. Naturally, according to the schemes shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, it is possible to assemble stabilizers for a different voltage, you just need to take into account that the total (total) power dissipated by the microcircuit should not exceed 20 watts. For example, you need to build a stabilizer for 12 V and a current of 3 A. There is a ready-made power source (transformer, rectifier and filter capacitor) that provides U IP \u003d 22 V at the required load current. Then a voltage drop occurs on the microcircuit U IC \u003d U IP - U OUT \u003d 22 V -12 V \u003d 10V, and at a load current of 3 A, the dissipated power will reach the value P PAC \u003d U IC * I H \u003d 10V * 3A \u003d 30 W, which exceeds the maximum allowable value for TDA2030A. The maximum allowable voltage drop across the IC can be calculated using the formula:
U IC = P RAS.MAX / I N. In our example, U IC = 20 W / 3 A = 6.6 V, therefore, the maximum voltage of the rectifier should be U IP = U OUT + U IC = 12V + 6.6 V = 18.6 V. In the transformer, the number of turns of the secondary winding will have to be reduced. The resistance of the ballast resistor R1 in the circuit shown in Fig. 7 can be calculated using the formula:
R1 \u003d (U IP - U ST) / I ST, where U ST and I ST are the voltage and current of the stabilization of the zener diode, respectively. The stabilization current limits can be found in the reference book; in practice, for low-power zener diodes, it is chosen within 7 ... 15 mA (usually 10 mA). If the current in the above formula is expressed in milliamps, then the resistance value will be obtained in kiloohms.

A simple laboratory power supply.

fig.9. By changing the voltage at the input of the IC using the potentiometer R1, a continuously adjustable output voltage is obtained. The maximum current given by the microcircuit depends on the output voltage and is limited by the same maximum power dissipation on the IC. It can be calculated using the formula:
I MAX \u003d P RAS.MAX / U IC
For example, if the output voltage is set to U OUT = 6 V, a voltage drop occurs on the microcircuit U IC = U IP - U OUT = 36 V - 6 V = 30 V, therefore, the maximum current will be I MAX = 20 W / 30 V = 0.66 A. With U OUT = 30 V, the maximum current can reach a maximum of 3.5 A, since the voltage drop across the IC is insignificant (6 V).

Stabilized laboratory power supply.

The electrical circuit of the power supply is shown in fig.10. The source of the stabilized reference voltage - the DA1 chip - is powered by a 15 V parametric stabilizer assembled on the VD1 zener diode and the R1 resistor. If the IC DA1 is powered directly from a +36 V source, it may fail (the maximum input voltage for the IC 7805 is 35 V). IC DA2 is connected according to the scheme of a non-inverting amplifier, the gain of which is defined as 1 + R4 / R2 and equal to 6. Therefore, the output voltage, when adjusted by the potentiometer R3, can take on a value from almost zero to 5 V * 6 = 30 V. As for the maximum output current , for this circuit, all of the above is true for a simple laboratory power supply (Fig. 9). If a lower regulated output voltage is assumed (for example, from 0 to 20 V at U IP = 24 V), the elements VD1, C1 can be excluded from the circuit, and a jumper can be installed instead of R1. If necessary, the maximum output voltage can be changed by selecting the resistance of the resistor R2 or R4.

Adjustable current source.

The electrical circuit of the stabilizer is shown in fig.11. At the inverting input of the IC DA2 (pin 2), due to the presence of the OOS through the load resistance, the voltage U BX is maintained. Under the influence of this voltage, a current flows through the load I H \u003d U BX / R4. As can be seen from the formula, the load current does not depend on the load resistance (of course, up to certain limits, due to the final supply voltage of the IC). Therefore, by changing U BX from zero to 5 V using the potentiometer R1, with a fixed resistance value R4 = 10 Ohm, you can adjust the current through the load within 0 ... 0.5 A. This device can be used to charge batteries and galvanic elements. The charging current is stable throughout the entire charging cycle and does not depend on the degree of discharge of the battery or on the instability of the mains. The maximum charging current, set using the potentiometer R1, can be changed by increasing or decreasing the resistance of the resistor R4. For example, at R4=20 Ohm it has a value of 250 mA, and at R4=2 Ohm it reaches 2.5 A (see formula above). For this circuit, restrictions on the maximum output current are valid, as for voltage stabilizer circuits. Another application of a powerful current stabilizer is the measurement of low resistances with a voltmeter on a linear scale. Indeed, if you set the current value, for example, 1 A, then by connecting a resistor with a resistance of 3 ohms to the circuit, according to Ohm's law, we get the voltage drop across it U = l * R = l A * 3 ohms = 3 V, and by connecting, say, resistor with a resistance of 7.5 ohms, we get a voltage drop of 7.5 V. Of course, only powerful low-resistance resistors can be measured at this current (3 V per 1 A is 3 W, 7.5 V * 1 A \u003d 7.5 W) , however, you can reduce the measured current and use a voltmeter with a lower measurement limit.

Powerful square wave generator.

Circuits of a powerful square-wave generator are shown in fig.12(with bipolar supply) and fig.13(with single supply). The circuits can be used, for example, in burglar alarm devices. The microcircuit is included as a Schmitt trigger, and the whole circuit is a classic relaxation RC oscillator. Consider the operation of the circuit shown in Fig. 12. Suppose, at the moment of power-up, the output signal of the IC goes to the level of positive saturation (U OUT = + U IP). Capacitor C1 starts charging through resistor R3 with time constant Cl R3. When the voltage at C1 reaches half the voltage of the positive power source (+U IP /2), IC DA1 switches to negative saturation (U OUT = -U IP). Capacitor C1 will begin to discharge through resistor R3 with the same time constant Cl R3 to voltage (-U IP / 2) when the IC switches back to positive saturation. The cycle will be repeated with a period of 2.2C1R3, regardless of the voltage of the power supply. The pulse repetition rate can be calculated by the formula:
f=l/2.2*R3Cl. If the resistance is expressed in kiloohms, and the capacitance in microfarads, then we get the frequency in kilohertz.

Powerful low-frequency generator of sinusoidal oscillations.

The electrical circuit of a powerful low-frequency generator of sinusoidal oscillations is shown in Fig.14. The generator is assembled according to the Wien bridge scheme, formed by elements DA1 and C1, R2, C2, R4, providing the necessary phase shift in the PIC circuit. The voltage gain of the IC at the same values ​​of Cl, C2 and R2, R4 must be exactly equal to 3. At a lower value of Ku, the oscillations are damped, at a higher value, the distortion of the output signal increases sharply. The voltage gain is determined by the resistance of the filaments of lamps ELI, EL2 and resistors Rl, R3 and is equal to Ky = R3 / Rl + R EL1.2. Lamps ELI, EL2 work as elements with variable resistance in the OOS circuit. With an increase in the output voltage, the resistance of the filaments of the lamps increases due to heating, which causes a decrease in the gain DA1. Thus, the amplitude of the output signal of the generator is stabilized, and distortion of the sinusoidal waveform is minimized. A minimum of distortion at the maximum possible amplitude of the output signal is achieved using a tuning resistor R1. To eliminate the influence of the load on the frequency and amplitude of the output signal, the R5C3 circuit is switched on at the output of the generator. The frequency of the generated oscillations can be determined by the formula:
f=1/2piRC. The generator can be used, for example, when repairing and testing loudspeaker heads or acoustic systems.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the microcircuit must be installed on a radiator with a cooled surface area of ​​at least 200 cm2. When wiring the printed circuit board for low-frequency amplifiers, it is necessary to ensure that the "earth" buses for the input signal, as well as the power supply and the output signal are connected from different sides (the conductors to these terminals should not be a continuation of each other, but connected together in the form of a "star") "). This is necessary to minimize AC hum and eliminate possible self-excitation of the amplifier at output power close to maximum.

According to the materials of the magazine "Radioamator"

List of radio elements

The TDA2030 chip is quite popular and cheap, allowing you to build a high-quality amplifier with a minimum of costs. It can work with both bipolar and unipolar power supply.

The ST Microelectronics low-frequency amplifier chip is well-deservedly popular among radio amateurs. It has high electrical characteristics and low cost, which makes it possible to assemble high-quality ULF with a power of up to 18 W at minimal cost.

In addition, TDA2030 has additional features. It can be used as a signal repeater, in a power supply paving circuit, as a laboratory power supply, as well as a pulse generator.

But its main application is the manufacture of ULF class AB.

The microcircuit will allow you to get high-quality sound with low harmonic and crosstalk distortion.

The main characteristics of the amplifier:
Supply voltage………………………….. from ±4.5 to ±25 V
Current consumption (Vin=0)…………………. 90 mA max.
Output power…………………………….18 W typ. at ±18 V, 4 ohms and d = 10%
………………………………………………………….. 14 W typ. at ±18 V, 4 ohms and d = 0.5%
Rated frequency range……….20 - 80.000 Hz

The microcircuit can be powered from either a bipolar or a unipolar power source.

If you need to get a more powerful sound, then the amplifier can be assembled using a bridge circuit.

For better sound quality, it is better to use a bipolar power supply., why exactly it can be viewed Who does not want to follow the link I will explain here. For optimal conditions and close to ideal ones, there are current requirements, for connecting ULF and speakers, a constant current without noise (complete silence) is required, and only zero output voltage can give complete silence. That's why, if you decide to build a Hi-Fi or Hi-End system, bipolar power is an extremely important parameter.

Having found out what the essence of nutrition is, we will proceed to the manufacture of ULF with bipolar power.

Let's start assembling. For this we need the following details:

The total cost of parts is about 200 rubles. Do not forget that this is the amount of detail for only one channel, so for stereo sound we take 2 times more. Also, don't forget the radiators.

The circuit board has been designed for stereo/mono switching, which allows it to be used for both satellites and subwoofer channels without any problems.

We make paths with LUT and after etching we tin and drill.

I moved the mask to the back. Very comfortably.

There are many examples where a (and relatively cheap) power amplifier needs to be built.

The TDA2030 is a monolithic integrated circuit in a Pentawatt package designed for use as a class AB low frequency amplifier. It provides 14W output (D = 0.5%) into 14V/4Ω into ±14V or 28V, guaranteed output power of 12W into a 4Ω load or 8W into 8Ω.

It can be used for almost any application.
The power of this amplifier is average among many amplifiers, which means that it can be used anywhere.

The pair can form an amplifier for a stereo system.
This amplifier can be used to complete surround sound systems (such as the center and rear amplifier channels). I used this amp for the center channel in my original surround system. A pair can be used to enhance the sound of a NICAM® TV, or even be used to enhance a mono TV. Reinforcing the 400W Amplifier + in Speakers (seriously)!

As you can see, the scheme is quite simple in reality. You can make your own PCB for it.

Resistors must be at least 1/4W type with 1% tolerance. I used 0.6W 1% metal film resistors and they work well. The capacitors I used were electrolytic for C2, C5 and C6. While building, I didn't have 100uF and I used 220uF instead, it won't cause problems.

C1 may be electrolytic, I used tantalum myself (don't ask why, as they are actually more expensive). Some readers may want to use a polyester capacitor for the input (C1), this will work as well, but I'm not sure if there is any benefit will be associated with additional costs. Other capacitors C3, C4 and C7 are polyester.

The values ​​for R5 and C8 are determined from the equations, but I used 1.8k ohms for R5 and 220pF for C8 and they work fine.
The diodes should be 1N4001 or similar (make sure you solder them in the correct direction).

Good heat dissipation is essential, and it should be large in size with good thermal conductivity.
When you operate the TDA2030 from a power source (recommended), you must isolate the device from the heat sink, using a mica washer or similar. With single feed rails, this is not required.

TDA2030 20W amplifier circuit

TDA2030 circuit board

In this article, I will tell you how to assemble a simple low-frequency amplifier for a beginner radio amateur on a common and at the same time inexpensive TDA2030A chip (D2030A, TDA2030).
Introduction:
So, the low frequency amplifier (VLF) on the TDA2030A chip is very easy to assemble, does not require additional setup, low cost, suitable for any standard small speakers that you use with a computer or other devices.
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Specifications IC TDA2030A:
Supply voltage (bipolar): ±6… ±22 V
Maximum output current: 3.5A
Power dissipation at Tcase = 90 °C: 20 W
Operating temperature: - 40 °C to + 150 °C
Typical output power into 4 ohm load: 18W

Schematic diagram:

Accordingly, for a 2-channel (stereo) amplifier, you need to assemble two identical circuits.
It is best to assemble the amplifier with a bipolar supply, this gives more output power and greater stability.

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Details for 2 channel amplifier:
Capacitors:
C1 - film type K73-17 with a capacity of 1 to 4.7 microfarads
C2 - electrolytic Jamicon 22 microfarad 50 V
C3 - film type K73-17 with a capacity of 0.1 μF
C4 - film type K73-17 with a capacity of 0.1 μF
C5 - electrolytic Jamicon from 100 uF 25 V to 1000 uF 25 V
C6 - electrolytic Jamicon from 100 uF 25 V to 1000 uF 25 V
C7 - film type K73-17 with a capacity of 0.1 μF
Resistors:
R1 - resistance 22 kOhm, power 0.25 W
R2 - resistance 680 Ohm, power 0.25 W
R3 - resistance 22 kOhm, power 0.25 W
R4 - resistance from 1 to 4 ohms, power 2 W
Diodes:
Necessarily needed to protect the output transistors of the microcircuit.
D1, D2 - any silicon rectifier diodes 1N4001 - 1N4007

You will also need a heatsink, on which we will attach microcircuits, thermal paste and mica insulating gaskets for microcircuits.

Assembly:
I assembled this amplifier by simply soldering the elements on a piece of an old board with wire, it does not look very neat, but it's quick and easy.
It's best to etch the PCB. Her drawing can be found in the datasheet.

When installing the TDA2030 chip on a radiator, you need to keep in mind that the case of this chip is connected to the minus of the power source. If two microcircuits are installed on one radiator at once, then it is necessary to provide for the installation of insulating gaskets. Insulating gaskets can be made of any material providing a gap of 0.03 ... 0.05 mm between mating surfaces. For example, you can use a bandage, gauze or canvas soaked in thermally conductive paste. But it is best to use mica as the best conductor of heat.

However, there are a few simple rules that allow you to ensure reliable cooling of any components of electronic equipment:
1) It is necessary to ensure good contact between the microcircuit and the heatsink. To do this, it is desirable to well level the contact surface of the radiator and apply heat-conducting paste KPT-8 or any other. When there is nothing suitable, silicone grease can be used.
2) When using insulating pads between the chip and the heatsink, the use of thermal paste is mandatory.
3) Lowering the temperature by 10ºС doubles the life of the microcircuit.
4) Do not raise the temperature of the radiator above 60...65ºС, and the temperature of the microcircuit case above 80...85ºС.

That's actually all. Our amplifier is ready and working ... or rather, it should work.